Guitar

                             GUITAR: 

               
 Type of instrument: plucked string instrument.
 Materials used to make it: body made of wood four strings made of nylon.
  How it´s made:  by hand, manufatured industrally.
  How we tune it: with the pegs.
  Main parts of the instruments: 

 The Head Stock: The head stock of the guitar is usually a rectangular piece that holds your tuning keys.Here, the strings of your guitar wind around the pegheads, which are the golden, button-looking objects on the picture to your right. These keep your strings tight and in place, so that when you move the pegheads, tuning is possible.

Tuning Keys:Also known as machine heads, pegheads, and tuning machines, these little contraptions bring life to the sound of your guitar. If you look in the picture above, the tuning keys are the golden objects protruding out and also holding your strings to the head stock. By tightening or loosening the tuning keys on your guitar, you can manipulate the sound of a certain string. This is called tuning.

Body

The body, I suppose, could be described as the ‘big curvy bit’ of a guitar, which rests against your body when you play, and sits underneath the strings where you typically strum them. On acoustic guitars, the body is hollow, and on electric guitars they can be hollow, semi-hollow or solid.

Neck

The other major component of a guitar, the neck, unsurprisingly, is the long thin bit that you grip with your left hand, so that you can press down the strings when playing.

This is the area of the neck that is directly underneath the strings. It is shaped and marked so that strings can be depressed at certain points to get certain notes (duh…)
There are countless materials used for fingerboards, but common woods are maple and rosewood.

Frets

Frets are the raised bits of wire the run across the fingerboard’s width. In essence they enable strings to be ‘shortened’ by pressing it down behind them, but to lengths that correspond to exact half notes.
This means that the player does not have to find the exact spot of a note when playing, as with fretless instruments such as a violin.

Headstock

At the end of a neck, you’ll find a headstock. The headstock is the bit at the end of the guitar where all of the strings end. It is home to the bits you use to tune your guitar, which are called…

Tuners/ Tuning Pegs/ Machine heads

These are the bits that you twist to tune your guitar. The flat, ‘key’ part is attached to a peg, on which the string is wound. Tightening it or loosening it changes the tension in the strings, and changes the pitch as a result.

The Nut

At the point that the neck joins the headstock, the strings run through a slotted piece of wood, plastic or sometimes other materials. This is called the nut.
Effectively, the nut defines where the playable part of a string (the bit that vibrates when you strum it) ends. Or starts, depending on how you look at it…

Strap Buttons

There’s no mystery here- these are the metal studs you attach a strap to. Simple.

Bridge

The bridge on a guitar is the bit that supports the strings as they travel over the guitar body. It functions as the component that transfers the vibrations of the strings into the body, which, in the case of an acoustic guitar, amplifies them.
On many electric guitars, the height of the bridge can be adjusted, which in turn, changes the distance between the strings and the fingerboard- known as the playing action.